use semver.io for great success

bin/common.sh

-#!/usr/bin/env bash
-
-# fail fast
-set -e
-
-# Uncomment the line below to enable debugging
-# set -x
-
-download_and_install_node() {
-  version="$1"
-  node_url="http://s3pository.heroku.com/node/v$version/node-v$version-linux-x64.tar.gz"
-  curl $node_url -s -o - | tar xzf - -C $build_dir
-  mkdir -p $build_dir/vendor
-
-  # Remove node in case we're overwriting a previously-downloaded version
-  rm -rf $build_dir/vendor/node
-
-  mv $build_dir/node-v$version-linux-x64 $build_dir/vendor/node
-  chmod +x $build_dir/vendor/node/bin/*
-  PATH=$PATH:$build_dir/vendor/node/bin
-}
-
-query_stable_version() {
-  curl -s http://nodejs.org/dist/ \
-    | egrep -o '[0-9]+\.[0-9]*[02468]\.[0-9]+' \
-    | sort -u -k 1,1n -k 2,2n -k 3,3n -t . \
-    | tail -n1
-}
-
-query_latest_version() {
-  curl -s http://nodejs.org/dist/ \
-    | egrep -o '[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+' \
-    | sort -u -k 1,1n -k 2,2n -k 3,3n -t . \
-    | tail -n1
-}
-
-query_all_versions() {
-  curl -s http://nodejs.org/dist/ \
-  | egrep -o '[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+' \
-  | sort -u -k 1,1n -k 2,2n -k 3,3n -t .
-}
-
 error() {
   echo " !     $*" >&2
   exit 1
@@ -49,6 +7,13 @@ status() {
   echo "-----> $*"
 }
 
+protip() {
+  echo
+  echo "PRO TIP: $*" | indent
+  echo "See https://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/nodejs-support"
+  echo
+}
+
 # sed -l basically makes sed replace and buffer through stdin to stdout
 # so you get updates while the command runs and dont wait for the end
 # e.g. npm install | indent
@@ -60,6 +25,6 @@ indent() {
   esac
 }
 
-function cat_npm_debug_log() {
+cat_npm_debug_log() {
   test -f $build_dir/npm-debug.log && cat $build_dir/npm-debug.log
 }

bin/compile

 #!/usr/bin/env bash
 
+# fail fast
+set -e
+
+# enable debugging
+# set -x
+
+# Configure directories
 build_dir=$1
 cache_basedir=$2
 bp_dir=$(cd $(dirname $0); cd ..; pwd)
 
+# Load some convenience functions like status() echo(), indent
 source $bp_dir/bin/common.sh
 
 # Output npm debug info on error
 trap cat_npm_debug_log ERR
 
-# Is a node version specified in package.json?
-semver_range=$(cat $build_dir/package.json | $bp_dir/vendor/json engines.node)
+# Look in package.json's engines.node field for a semver range
+semver_range=$(cat $build_dir/package.json | $bp_dir/vendor/jq -r .engines.node)
+
+# Recommend using semver ranges in a safe manner
+if [ "$semver_range" == "null" ]; then
+  protip "Specify a node version in package.json"
+  semver_range=""
+elif [ "$semver_range" == "*" ]; then
+  protip "Don't use semver ranges like *"
+elif [ ${semver_range:0:1} == ">" ]; then
+  protip "Don't use semver ranges starting with >"
+fi
 
-# Resolve node version using a service
-node_version=$(curl --silent https://node-semver-service.heroku.com/${semver_range})
+# Resolve node version using semver.io
+semver_url=http://semver.io/node/$semver_range
+node_version=$(curl --silent $semver_url)
 
-# Warn if engines.node is unspecified
-if ! test $semver_range; then
-  echo
-  echo "WARNING: No node version specified in package.json, see:" | indent
-  echo "https://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/nodejs-support#versions" | indent
-  echo
-  status "Defaulting to latest stable node, v$node_version"
+if [ "$semver_range" == "" ]; then
+  status "Defaulting to latest stable node: $node_version"
+else
+  status "Resolved node version for $semver_range is $node_version"
 fi
 
-# TODO: Warn if engines.node is "*" or ">foo"
-
-# Download and install node
+# Download node from Heroku's S3 mirror of nodejs.org/dist
 status "Downloading and installing node v$node_version"
-download_and_install_node $node_version
+node_url="http://s3pository.heroku.com/node/v$node_version/node-v$node_version-linux-x64.tar.gz"
+curl $node_url -s -o - | tar xzf - -C $build_dir
+
+# Move node into ./vendor and make it executable
+mkdir -p $build_dir/vendor
+mv $build_dir/node-v$node_version-linux-x64 $build_dir/vendor/node
+chmod +x $build_dir/vendor/node/bin/*
+PATH=$PATH:$build_dir/vendor/node/bin
 
 # Run subsequent node/npm commands from the build path
 cd $build_dir
@@ -37,7 +58,7 @@ cd $build_dir
 package_checksum=$(cat $build_dir/package.json | md5sum | awk '{print $1}')
 cache_dir="$cache_basedir/$package_checksum"
 
-# Restore from cache package.json hasn't changed
+# Restore from cache if package.json hasn't changed
 if test -d $cache_dir; then
   status "package.json unchanged since last build"
   status "Restoring node_modules from cache"
@@ -54,7 +75,7 @@ else
   status "Caching node_modules for future builds"
   rm -rf $cache_dir
   mkdir -p $cache_dir
-  mkdir -p $cache_dir/vendor
+  # mkdir -p $cache_dir/vendor
   test -d $build_dir/node_modules && cp -r $build_dir/node_modules $cache_dir/
   # cp -r $build_dir/vendor/node $cache_dir/vendor/
 fi

bin/test

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 # See CONTRIBUTING.md for info on running these tests.
 
 testDetectWithPackageJson() {
-  detect "package-json-stable-version"
+  detect "stable-node"
   assertCaptured "Node.js"
   assertCapturedSuccess
 }
@@ -12,44 +12,59 @@ testDetectWithoutPackageJson() {
   assertCapturedError 1 ""
 }
 
-testPackageJsonWithoutVersion() {
-  compile "package-json-noversion"
-  assertCaptured "WARNING: No node version specified"
+testNoVersion() {
+  compile "no-version"
+  assertCaptured "PRO TIP: Specify a node version in package.json"
   assertCaptured "Defaulting to latest stable node"
   assertCapturedSuccess
 }
 
-testPackageJsonWithStableVersion() {
-  compile "package-json-stable-version"
-  assertNotCaptured "WARNING: No node version specified"
-  assertCaptured "satisfies engines.node"
-  assertCapturedSuccess
-}
+testDangerousRangeStar() {
+  compile "dangerous-range-star"
+  assertCaptured "PRO TIP: Don't use semver ranges like *"
 
-testPackageJsonWithUnstableVersion() {
-  compile "package-json-unstable-version"
-  assertCaptured "Downloading and installing node v0.11"
   assertCapturedSuccess
 }
 
-testPackageJsonWithInvalidVersion() {
-  compile "package-json-invalidversion"
-  assertCapturedError 1 "not found among available versions"
+testDangerousRangeGreaterThan() {
+  compile "dangerous-range-greater-than"
+  assertCaptured "PRO TIP: Don't use semver ranges starting with >"
+  assertCaptured "Resolved node version for >"
+  assertCapturedSuccess
 }
 
-testProfileCreated() {
-  compile "package-json-stable-version"
-  assertCaptured "Building runtime environment"
-  assertFile "export PATH=\"\$HOME/vendor/node/bin:$HOME/bin:\$HOME/node_modules/.bin:\$PATH\"" ".profile.d/nodejs.sh"
+testStableVersion() {
+  compile "stable-node"
+  assertNotCaptured "PRO TIP"
+  assertCaptured "Resolved node version"
   assertCapturedSuccess
 }
 
-testNodeModulesCached() {
-  cache=$(mktmpdir)
-  compile "node-modules-caching" $cache
-  assertCaptured "Caching node"
-  assertEquals "1" "$(ls -1 $cache/0.10.18 | wc -l)"
-}
+# testUnstableVersion() {
+#   compile "unstable-version"
+#   assertCaptured "Resolved node version for >0.11.0 is 0.11"
+
+#   assertCapturedSuccess
+# }
+
+# testInvalidVersion() {
+#   compile "invalid-node-version"
+#   assertCapturedError 1 "not found among available versions"
+# }
+
+# testProfileCreated() {
+#   compile "stable-node"
+#   assertCaptured "Building runtime environment"
+#   assertFile "export PATH=\"\$HOME/vendor/node/bin:$HOME/bin:\$HOME/node_modules/.bin:\$PATH\"" ".profile.d/nodejs.sh"
+#   assertCapturedSuccess
+# }
+
+# testNodeModulesCached() {
+#   cache=$(mktmpdir)
+#   compile "caching" $cache
+#   assertCaptured "Caching node"
+#   assertEquals "1" "$(ls -1 $cache/0.10.18 | wc -l)"
+# }
 
 # Pending
 

test/package-json-stable-version/package.json → test/dangerous-range-greater-than/package.json

@@ -7,6 +7,6 @@
     "url" : "http://github.com/example/example.git"
   },
   "engines": {
-    "node": ">0.10.0"
+    "node": ">0.4"
   }
 }

test/dangerous-range-star/package.json

+{
+  "name": "node-buildpack-test-app",
+  "version": "0.0.1",
+  "description": "node buildpack integration test app",
+  "repository" : {
+    "type" : "git",
+    "url" : "http://github.com/example/example.git"
+  },
+  "engines": {
+    "node": "*"
+  }
+}

test/stable-node/README.md

+A fake README, to keep npm from polluting stderr.
\ No newline at end of file

test/stable-node/package.json

+{
+  "name": "node-buildpack-test-app",
+  "version": "0.0.1",
+  "description": "node buildpack integration test app",
+  "repository" : {
+    "type" : "git",
+    "url" : "http://github.com/example/example.git"
+  },
+  "engines": {
+    "node": "~0.10.0"
+  }
+}

test/unstable-version/README.md

+A fake README, to keep npm from polluting stderr.
\ No newline at end of file

vendor/semver/LICENSE

-Copyright 2009, 2010, 2011 Isaac Z. Schlueter.
-All rights reserved.
-
-Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person
-obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation
-files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without
-restriction, including without limitation the rights to use,
-copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
-copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
-Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following
-conditions:
-
-The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
-included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
-EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES
-OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
-NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT
-HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY,
-WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
-FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR
-OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

vendor/semver/README.md

-semver(1) -- The semantic versioner for npm
-===========================================
-
-## Usage
-
-    $ npm install semver
-
-    semver.valid('1.2.3') // true
-    semver.valid('a.b.c') // false
-    semver.clean('  =v1.2.3   ') // '1.2.3'
-    semver.satisfies('1.2.3', '1.x || >=2.5.0 || 5.0.0 - 7.2.3') // true
-    semver.gt('1.2.3', '9.8.7') // false
-    semver.lt('1.2.3', '9.8.7') // true
-
-As a command-line utility:
-
-    $ semver -h
-
-    Usage: semver -v <version> [-r <range>]
-    Test if version(s) satisfy the supplied range(s),
-    and sort them.
-
-    Multiple versions or ranges may be supplied.
-
-    Program exits successfully if any valid version satisfies
-    all supplied ranges, and prints all satisfying versions.
-
-    If no versions are valid, or ranges are not satisfied,
-    then exits failure.
-
-    Versions are printed in ascending order, so supplying
-    multiple versions to the utility will just sort them.
-
-## Versions
-
-A version is the following things, in this order:
-
-* a number (Major)
-* a period
-* a number (minor)
-* a period
-* a number (patch)
-* OPTIONAL: a hyphen, followed by a number (build)
-* OPTIONAL: a collection of pretty much any non-whitespace characters
-  (tag)
-
-A leading `"="` or `"v"` character is stripped off and ignored.
-
-## Comparisons
-
-The ordering of versions is done using the following algorithm, given
-two versions and asked to find the greater of the two:
-
-* If the majors are numerically different, then take the one
-  with a bigger major number. `2.3.4 > 1.3.4`
-* If the minors are numerically different, then take the one
-  with the bigger minor number. `2.3.4 > 2.2.4`
-* If the patches are numerically different, then take the one with the
-  bigger patch number. `2.3.4 > 2.3.3`
-* If only one of them has a build number, then take the one with the
-  build number.  `2.3.4-0 > 2.3.4`
-* If they both have build numbers, and the build numbers are numerically
-  different, then take the one with the bigger build number.
-  `2.3.4-10 > 2.3.4-9`
-* If only one of them has a tag, then take the one without the tag.
-  `2.3.4 > 2.3.4-beta`
-* If they both have tags, then take the one with the lexicographically
-  larger tag.  `2.3.4-beta > 2.3.4-alpha`
-* At this point, they're equal.
-
-## Ranges
-
-The following range styles are supported:
-
-* `>1.2.3` Greater than a specific version.
-* `<1.2.3` Less than
-* `1.2.3 - 2.3.4` := `>=1.2.3 <=2.3.4`
-* `~1.2.3` := `>=1.2.3 <1.3.0`
-* `~1.2` := `>=1.2.0 <2.0.0`
-* `~1` := `>=1.0.0 <2.0.0`
-* `1.2.x` := `>=1.2.0 <1.3.0`
-* `1.x` := `>=1.0.0 <2.0.0`
-
-Ranges can be joined with either a space (which implies "and") or a
-`||` (which implies "or").
-
-## Functions
-
-* valid(v): Return the parsed version, or null if it's not valid.
-* inc(v, release): Return the version incremented by the release type
-  (major, minor, patch, or build), or null if it's not valid.
-
-### Comparison
-
-* gt(v1, v2): `v1 > v2`
-* gte(v1, v2): `v1 >= v2`
-* lt(v1, v2): `v1 < v2`
-* lte(v1, v2): `v1 <= v2`
-* eq(v1, v2): `v1 == v2` This is true if they're logically equivalent,
-  even if they're not the exact same string.  You already know how to
-  compare strings.
-* neq(v1, v2): `v1 != v2` The opposite of eq.
-* cmp(v1, comparator, v2): Pass in a comparison string, and it'll call
-  the corresponding function above.  `"==="` and `"!=="` do simple
-  string comparison, but are included for completeness.  Throws if an
-  invalid comparison string is provided.
-* compare(v1, v2): Return 0 if v1 == v2, or 1 if v1 is greater, or -1 if
-  v2 is greater.  Sorts in ascending order if passed to Array.sort().
-* rcompare(v1, v2): The reverse of compare.  Sorts an array of versions
-  in descending order when passed to Array.sort().
-
-
-### Ranges
-
-* validRange(range): Return the valid range or null if it's not valid
-* satisfies(version, range): Return true if the version satisfies the
-  range.
-* maxSatisfying(versions, range): Return the highest version in the list
-  that satisfies the range, or null if none of them do.

vendor/semver/bin/semver

-#!/usr/bin/env node
-// Standalone semver comparison program.
-// Exits successfully and prints matching version(s) if
-// any supplied version is valid and passes all tests.
-
-var argv = process.argv.slice(2)
-  , versions = []
-  , range = []
-  , gt = []
-  , lt = []
-  , eq = []
-  , semver = require("../semver")
-
-main()
-
-function main () {
-  if (!argv.length) return help()
-  while (argv.length) {
-    var a
-    switch (a = argv.shift()) {
-      case "-v": case "--version":
-        versions.push(argv.shift())
-        break
-      case "-r": case "--range":
-        range.push(argv.shift())
-        break
-      case "-h": case "--help": case "-?":
-        return help()
-      default:
-        versions.push(a)
-        break
-    }
-  }
-
-  versions = versions.filter(semver.valid)
-  for (var i = 0, l = range.length; i < l ; i ++) {
-    versions = versions.filter(function (v) {
-      return semver.satisfies(v, range[i])
-    })
-    if (!versions.length) return fail()
-  }
-  return success(versions)
-}
-
-function fail () { process.exit(1) }
-
-function success () {
-  versions.sort(semver.compare)
-    .map(semver.clean)
-    .forEach(function (v,i,_) { console.log(v) })
-}
-
-function help () {
-  console.log(["Usage: semver -v <version> [-r <range>]"
-              ,"Test if version(s) satisfy the supplied range(s),"
-              ,"and sort them."
-              ,""
-              ,"Multiple versions or ranges may be supplied."
-              ,""
-              ,"Program exits successfully if any valid version satisfies"
-              ,"all supplied ranges, and prints all satisfying versions."
-              ,""
-              ,"If no versions are valid, or ranges are not satisfied,"
-              ,"then exits failure."
-              ,""
-              ,"Versions are printed in ascending order, so supplying"
-              ,"multiple versions to the utility will just sort them."
-              ].join("\n"))
-}
-
-

vendor/semver/package.json

-{ "name" : "semver"
-, "version" : "1.0.12"
-, "description" : "The semantic version parser used by npm."
-, "main" : "semver.js"
-, "scripts" : { "test" : "tap test.js" }
-, "devDependencies": { "tap" : "0.x >=0.0.4" }
-, "license" :
-  { "type" : "MIT"
-  , "url" : "https://github.com/isaacs/semver/raw/master/LICENSE" }
-, "repository" : "git://github.com/isaacs/node-semver.git"
-, "bin" : { "semver" : "./bin/semver" } }

vendor/semver/semver.js

-;(function (exports) { // nothing in here is node-specific.
-
-// See http://semver.org/
-// This implementation is a *hair* less strict in that it allows
-// v1.2.3 things, and also tags that don't begin with a char.
-
-var semver = "\\s*[v=]*\\s*([0-9]+)"                // major
-           + "\\.([0-9]+)"                  // minor
-           + "\\.([0-9]+)"                  // patch
-           + "(-[0-9]+-?)?"                 // build
-           + "([a-zA-Z-][a-zA-Z0-9-\.:]*)?" // tag
-  , exprComparator = "^((<|>)?=?)\s*("+semver+")$|^$"
-  , xRangePlain = "[v=]*([0-9]+|x|X|\\*)"
-                + "(?:\\.([0-9]+|x|X|\\*)"
-                + "(?:\\.([0-9]+|x|X|\\*)"
-                + "([a-zA-Z-][a-zA-Z0-9-\.:]*)?)?)?"
-  , xRange = "((?:<|>)?=?)?\\s*" + xRangePlain
-  , exprSpermy = "(?:~>?)"+xRange
-  , expressions = exports.expressions =
-    { parse : new RegExp("^\\s*"+semver+"\\s*$")
-    , parsePackage : new RegExp("^\\s*([^\/]+)[-@](" +semver+")\\s*$")
-    , parseRange : new RegExp(
-        "^\\s*(" + semver + ")\\s+-\\s+(" + semver + ")\\s*$")
-    , validComparator : new RegExp("^"+exprComparator+"$")
-    , parseXRange : new RegExp("^"+xRange+"$")
-    , parseSpermy : new RegExp("^"+exprSpermy+"$")
-    }
-
-
-Object.getOwnPropertyNames(expressions).forEach(function (i) {
-  exports[i] = function (str) {
-    return ("" + (str || "")).match(expressions[i])
-  }
-})
-
-exports.rangeReplace = ">=$1 <=$7"
-exports.clean = clean
-exports.compare = compare
-exports.satisfies = satisfies
-exports.gt = gt
-exports.gte = gte
-exports.lt = lt
-exports.lte = lte
-exports.eq = eq
-exports.neq = neq
-exports.cmp = cmp
-exports.inc = inc
-
-exports.valid = valid
-exports.validPackage = validPackage
-exports.validRange = validRange
-exports.maxSatisfying = maxSatisfying
-
-exports.replaceStars = replaceStars
-exports.toComparators = toComparators
-
-function stringify (version) {
-  var v = version
-  return [v[1]||'', v[2]||'', v[3]||''].join(".") + (v[4]||'') + (v[5]||'')
-}
-
-function clean (version) {
-  version = exports.parse(version)
-  if (!version) return version
-  return stringify(version)
-}
-
-function valid (version) {
-  if (typeof version !== "string") return null
-  return exports.parse(version) && version.trim().replace(/^[v=]+/, '')
-}
-
-function validPackage (version) {
-  if (typeof version !== "string") return null
-  return version.match(expressions.parsePackage) && version.trim()
-}
-
-// range can be one of:
-// "1.0.3 - 2.0.0" range, inclusive, like ">=1.0.3 <=2.0.0"
-// ">1.0.2" like 1.0.3 - 9999.9999.9999
-// ">=1.0.2" like 1.0.2 - 9999.9999.9999
-// "<2.0.0" like 0.0.0 - 1.9999.9999
-// ">1.0.2 <2.0.0" like 1.0.3 - 1.9999.9999
-var starExpression = /(<|>)?=?\s*\*/g
-  , starReplace = ""
-  , compTrimExpression = new RegExp("((<|>)?=?)\\s*("
-                                    +semver+"|"+xRangePlain+")", "g")
-  , compTrimReplace = "$1$3"
-
-function toComparators (range) {
-  var ret = (range || "").trim()
-    .replace(expressions.parseRange, exports.rangeReplace)
-    .replace(compTrimExpression, compTrimReplace)
-    .split(/\s+/)
-    .join(" ")
-    .split("||")
-    .map(function (orchunk) {
-      return orchunk
-        .split(" ")
-        .map(replaceXRanges)
-        .map(replaceSpermies)
-        .map(replaceStars)
-        .join(" ").trim()
-    })
-    .map(function (orchunk) {
-      return orchunk
-        .trim()
-        .split(/\s+/)
-        .filter(function (c) { return c.match(expressions.validComparator) })
-    })
-    .filter(function (c) { return c.length })
-  return ret
-}
-
-function replaceStars (stars) {
-  return stars.trim().replace(starExpression, starReplace)
-}
-
-// "2.x","2.x.x" --> ">=2.0.0- <2.1.0-"
-// "2.3.x" --> ">=2.3.0- <2.4.0-"
-function replaceXRanges (ranges) {
-  return ranges.split(/\s+/)
-               .map(replaceXRange)
-               .join(" ")
-}
-
-function replaceXRange (version) {
-  return version.trim().replace(expressions.parseXRange,
-                                function (v, gtlt, M, m, p, t) {
-    var anyX = !M || M.toLowerCase() === "x" || M === "*"
-               || !m || m.toLowerCase() === "x" || m === "*"
-               || !p || p.toLowerCase() === "x" || p === "*"
-      , ret = v
-
-    if (gtlt && anyX) {
-      // just replace x'es with zeroes
-      ;(!M || M === "*" || M.toLowerCase() === "x") && (M = 0)
-      ;(!m || m === "*" || m.toLowerCase() === "x") && (m = 0)
-      ;(!p || p === "*" || p.toLowerCase() === "x") && (p = 0)
-      ret = gtlt + M+"."+m+"."+p+"-"
-    } else if (!M || M === "*" || M.toLowerCase() === "x") {
-      ret = "*" // allow any
-    } else if (!m || m === "*" || m.toLowerCase() === "x") {
-      // append "-" onto the version, otherwise
-      // "1.x.x" matches "2.0.0beta", since the tag
-      // *lowers* the version value
-      ret = ">="+M+".0.0- <"+(+M+1)+".0.0-"
-    } else if (!p || p === "*" || p.toLowerCase() === "x") {
-      ret = ">="+M+"."+m+".0- <"+M+"."+(+m+1)+".0-"
-    }
-    //console.error("parseXRange", [].slice.call(arguments), ret)
-    return ret
-  })
-}
-
-// ~, ~> --> * (any, kinda silly)
-// ~2, ~2.x, ~2.x.x, ~>2, ~>2.x ~>2.x.x --> >=2.0.0 <3.0.0
-// ~2.0, ~2.0.x, ~>2.0, ~>2.0.x --> >=2.0.0 <2.1.0
-// ~1.2, ~1.2.x, ~>1.2, ~>1.2.x --> >=1.2.0 <1.3.0
-// ~1.2.3, ~>1.2.3 --> >=1.2.3 <1.3.0
-// ~1.2.0, ~>1.2.0 --> >=1.2.0 <1.3.0
-function replaceSpermies (version) {
-  return version.trim().replace(expressions.parseSpermy,
-                                function (v, gtlt, M, m, p, t) {
-    if (gtlt) throw new Error(
-      "Using '"+gtlt+"' with ~ makes no sense. Don't do it.")
-
-    if (!M || M.toLowerCase() === "x") {
-      return ""
-    }
-    // ~1 == >=1.0.0- <2.0.0-
-    if (!m || m.toLowerCase() === "x") {
-      return ">="+M+".0.0- <"+(+M+1)+".0.0-"
-    }
-    // ~1.2 == >=1.2.0- <1.3.0-
-    if (!p || p.toLowerCase() === "x") {
-      return ">="+M+"."+m+".0- <"+M+"."+(+m+1)+".0-"
-    }
-    // ~1.2.3 == >=1.2.3- <1.3.0-
-    t = t || "-"
-    return ">="+M+"."+m+"."+p+t+" <"+M+"."+(+m+1)+".0-"
-  })
-}
-
-function validRange (range) {
-  range = replaceStars(range)
-  var c = toComparators(range)
-  return (c.length === 0)
-       ? null
-       : c.map(function (c) { return c.join(" ") }).join("||")
-}
-
-// returns the highest satisfying version in the list, or undefined
-function maxSatisfying (versions, range) {
-  return versions
-    .filter(function (v) { return satisfies(v, range) })
-    .sort(compare)
-    .pop()
-}
-function satisfies (version, range) {
-  version = valid(version)
-  if (!version) return false
-  range = toComparators(range)
-  for (var i = 0, l = range.length ; i < l ; i ++) {
-    var ok = false
-    for (var j = 0, ll = range[i].length ; j < ll ; j ++) {
-      var r = range[i][j]
-        , gtlt = r.charAt(0) === ">" ? gt
-               : r.charAt(0) === "<" ? lt
-               : false
-        , eq = r.charAt(!!gtlt) === "="
-        , sub = (!!eq) + (!!gtlt)
-      if (!gtlt) eq = true
-      r = r.substr(sub)
-      r = (r === "") ? r : valid(r)
-      ok = (r === "") || (eq && r === version) || (gtlt && gtlt(version, r))
-      if (!ok) break
-    }
-    if (ok) return true
-  }
-  return false
-}
-
-// return v1 > v2 ? 1 : -1
-function compare (v1, v2) {
-  var g = gt(v1, v2)
-  return g === null ? 0 : g ? 1 : -1
-}
-
-function rcompare (v1, v2) {
-  return compare(v2, v1)
-}
-
-function lt (v1, v2) { return gt(v2, v1) }
-function gte (v1, v2) { return !lt(v1, v2) }
-function lte (v1, v2) { return !gt(v1, v2) }
-function eq (v1, v2) { return gt(v1, v2) === null }
-function neq (v1, v2) { return gt(v1, v2) !== null }
-function cmp (v1, c, v2) {
-  switch (c) {
-    case ">": return gt(v1, v2)
-    case "<": return lt(v1, v2)
-    case ">=": return gte(v1, v2)
-    case "<=": return lte(v1, v2)
-    case "==": return eq(v1, v2)
-    case "!=": return neq(v1, v2)
-    case "===": return v1 === v2
-    case "!==": return v1 !== v2
-    default: throw new Error("Y U NO USE VALID COMPARATOR!? "+c)
-  }
-}
-
-// return v1 > v2
-function num (v) {
-  return v === undefined ? -1 : parseInt((v||"0").replace(/[^0-9]+/g, ''), 10)
-}
-function gt (v1, v2) {
-  v1 = exports.parse(v1)
-  v2 = exports.parse(v2)
-  if (!v1 || !v2) return false
-
-  for (var i = 1; i < 5; i ++) {
-    v1[i] = num(v1[i])
-    v2[i] = num(v2[i])
-    if (v1[i] > v2[i]) return true
-    else if (v1[i] !== v2[i]) return false
-  }
-  // no tag is > than any tag, or use lexicographical order.
-  var tag1 = v1[5] || ""
-    , tag2 = v2[5] || ""
-
-  // kludge: null means they were equal.  falsey, and detectable.
-  // embarrassingly overclever, though, I know.
-  return tag1 === tag2 ? null
-         : !tag1 ? true
-         : !tag2 ? false
-         : tag1 > tag2
-}
-
-function inc (version, release) {
-  version = exports.parse(version)
-  if (!version) return null
-
-  var parsedIndexLookup =
-    { 'major': 1
-    , 'minor': 2
-    , 'patch': 3
-    , 'build': 4 }
-  var incIndex = parsedIndexLookup[release]
-  if (incIndex === undefined) return null
-
-  var current = num(version[incIndex])
-  version[incIndex] = current === -1 ? 1 : current + 1
-
-  for (var i = incIndex + 1; i < 5; i ++) {
-    if (num(version[i]) !== -1) version[i] = "0"
-  }
-
-  if (version[4]) version[4] = "-" + version[4]
-  version[5] = ""
-
-  return stringify(version)
-}
-})(typeof exports === "object" ? exports : semver = {})